Kim Kardashian, Gwyneth Paltrow and more stars laud microdermabrasion. What is it?

Kim Kardashian, Kylie Jenner and Gwyneth Paltrow count themselves among microdermabrasion's most famous fans.

The stars, all of whom boast huge platforms where they share their favorite beauty products to millions of followers, have lauded at-home microdermabrasion products as part of their skincare routines. But dermatologists say the real benefits come from expert-conducted microdermabrasion procedures, which can go "a bit deeper into the skin," per the American Academy of Dermatology Association.

What actually is microdermabrasion? Here's what dermatologists want you to know.

What is microdermabrasion?

Microdermabrasion is a gentle form of skin exfoliation. It's used to treat several skin issues including uneven tone and texture and scars, including ones from acne, according to a scientific review published last year in StatPearls Publishing.

"It works to brighten, smooth, and improve the appearance of dullness, fine lines, wrinkles, texture and mild discoloration," dermatologist Dr. Lindsey Zubritsky tells USA TODAY. "The process helps to shed and remove older, dead, dull skin cells on the top layer of the skin in order to reveal younger, brighter skin cells."

It's been around since the '80s, when dermatologists introduced it as a "less-aggressive alternative" to harsher skincare treatments like chemical peels and dermabrasion, per the 2023 review.

The procedure involves a handheld vacuum system propelling abrasive crystals against the skin, the review added. This removes a layer of the skin, which then improves the skin's appearance when it heals.

How long does microdermabrasion last?

Results typically last around four weeks, according to Zubritsky.

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Can you see results after 1 microdermabrasion session?

"Results from microdermabrasion are typically immediate," Zubritsky says, adding that there's usually "little to no downtime."

Studies have shown that microdermabrasion techniques are safe for all skin types and have "minimal" complications.

Minor side effects, according to the Cleveland Clinic, including bruising, discoloration, dry skin and increased sensitivity to sunlight.